A globe is a true model of the Earth's shape. It shows the correct relative sizes of continents and oceans, and the accurate shape and location of countries. It also correctly depicts the tilt of the Earth's axis.

A map is more useful for detailed study of a small area because it can represent a small area with much greater detail than a globe. Maps can show specific streets, buildings, and local features that would be impossible to include on a globe. They are also portable and easy to carry.

Parallels of latitude are imaginary circles running horizontally around the Earth, parallel to the Equator. They measure distance north or south of the Equator (from 0° to 90° N/S). Meridians of longitude are imaginary semi-circles running vertically from the North Pole to the South Pole. They measure distance east or west of the Prime Meridian (from 0° to 180° E/W).

The Prime Meridian is the 0° longitude line that passes through Greenwich, near London. It is important because it serves as the reference point for measuring longitude and for calculating time zones around the world. All other meridians are measured east or west from it.

The Earth rotates from west to east, completing one rotation in approximately 24 hours. As it rotates, different longitudes face the sun at different times. When the sun is highest in the sky at a particular longitude, it is noon there. Since the Earth rotates 15 degrees of longitude in one hour, places to the east are ahead in time, and places to the west are behind in time.

The Earth rotates 15° of longitude in one hour. Therefore, 30° longitude represents a time difference of 30/15 = 2 hours.

At 30° East longitude: Since it is to the east of Greenwich, the time will be ahead. So, 12 noon + 2 hours = 2:00 P.M.

At 30° West longitude: Since it is to the west of Greenwich, the time will be behind. So, 12 noon - 2 hours = 10:00 A.M.

1. Torrid Zone: This zone lies between the Tropic of Cancer (23.5° N) and the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5° S). It receives the direct rays of the sun at least once a year and experiences the maximum heat.
2. Temperate Zones: These zones lie between the Tropic of Cancer and the Arctic Circle (66.5° N) in the Northern Hemisphere, and between the Tropic of Capricorn and the Antarctic Circle (66.5° S) in the Southern Hemisphere. They have moderate temperatures, with distinct seasons.
3. Frigid Zones: These zones lie between the Arctic Circle and the North Pole (90° N) in the Northern Hemisphere, and between the Antarctic Circle and the South Pole (90° S) in the Southern Hemisphere. They are very cold, with the sun's rays always slanting and providing less heat.

Map symbols are conventional signs, colours, letters, and pictures used on maps to represent various features like roads, rivers, buildings, mountains, and railway lines. They are important because they allow maps to convey a lot of information in a small space, making them easy to read and understand universally, regardless of language.